RatHat下安装Redis

redis安装依赖.zip

  • Redis版本**:Reids-3.2.0

  • 安装方式:源码编译安装

  • 资源包redis安装依赖

安装gcc c++编译环境

检查服务器上是否存在gcc-c++的环境:

rpm -qa|grep gcc-c++

如果没有此环境,则按照以下步骤安装:

  1. cd gcc 进入到gcc目录下

  2. 执行 rpm -Uvh *.rpm --nodeps --force 安装gcc相关包

  3. 验证gcc是否安装成功:

    # 查看gcc和g++版本号,如果看到详细的版本信息,安装完成。
    gcc -v
    g++ -v

安装ruby

  1. 上传 ruby-2.3.1.tar.gz 安装包至服务器

  2. 解压tar包: tar -zxvf ruby-2.3.1.tar.gz

  3. cd ruby-2.3.1

  4. 配置并编译: ./configure --prefix=/opt/ruby

  5. 配置并编译: make && make install

  6. echo "PATH=$PATH:/opt/ruby/bin" >> /etc/profile

  7. source /etc/profile

  8. 验证ruby是否安装成功:

    ruby -v
    ruby 1.8.7 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 374) [x86_64-linux]

安装rubygems

  1. 上传 rubygems-2.7.6.tgz 安装包至服务器

  2. 解压到/opt目录: tar -zxvf rubygems-2.7.6.tgz -C /opt

  3. cd /opt/rubygems-2.7.6

  4. 配置rubygem: ruby setup.rb #会将rubygems安装至上一步ruby的安装目录的lib目录下

  5. 配置环境变量,使其支持gem命令: echo "PATH=$PATH:/opt/rubygems-2.7.6/bin" >> /etc/profile

  6. source /etc/profile

  7. 验证gem是否可以使用:

    gem -v

    2.7.6

配置rubygems的redisapi

  1. 上传redis的gem至服务器

  2. gem install -l redis-3.3.0.gem

  3. 查看redisapi版本,以验证安装结果

    gem list redis
    *** LOCAL GEMS ***
    redis (3.3.0)

安装tcl

  1. 上传 tcl8.6.1-src.tar.gz 至服务器

  2. 解压tcl8.6.0软件包: tar -zxvf tcl8.6.0-src.tar.gz

  3. cd tcl8.6.0/unix

  4. 配置并编译:./configure --prefix=/opt/tcl

  5. make && make install

  6. make install-private-headers

  7. 配置环境软连接及环境变量使其支持tcl:ln -v -sf tclsh8.6 /opt/tcl/bin/tclsh

  8. chmod -v 755 /opt/tcl/lib/libtcl8.6.so

  9. echo "PATH=$PATH:/opt/tcl/bin" >> /etc/profile

  10. source /etc/profile

安装redis

  1. 上传 redis-3.2.0.tar.gz 安装包至服务器

  2. tar -zxvf redis-3.2.0.tar.gz -C /opt

  3. cd /opt/redis-3.2.0/src

  4. make安装redis(如果不修改Makefile文件则默认安装/usr/local/bin下):make

  5. make test

  6. make install

  7. 安装完成后会自动在 /usr/local/bin 下生成redis运行文件

  8. 将集群控制脚本复制到 /usr/local/bin 下: cp /opt/redis-3.2.0/src/redis-trib.rb /usr/local/bin

注:以上所有操作需在三台机器都执行一遍

编写redis配置文件并启动实例

  1. 在三台主机创建redis-cluster目录

    # IP_1
    $ mkdir -p /etc/redis-cluster/{7000,7001}
    # IP_2
    $ mkdir -p /etc/redis-cluster/{7002,7003}
    # IP_3
    $ mkdir -p /etc/redis-cluster/{7004,7005}
  2. 对应各个实例创建redis.conf配置文件, 复制redis安装目录配置文件至 /etc/redis-cluster/7000,并修改一下对应选项值

    # IP_1
    $ cd /etc/redis-cluster/7000
    $ touch redis.con
    $ cat redis.conf
    #redis后台运行
    daemonize    yes
    # pidfile文件对应目录
    pidfile  /var/run/redis_7000.pid
    # 指定端口
    port 7000
    # 绑定地址
    bind 0.0.0.0
    # 开启集群  把注释#去掉
    cluster-enabled  yes
    # 集群的配置  配置文件首次启动会自动生成
    cluster-config-file  nodes_7000.conf
    # 请求超时  设置5秒够了
    cluster-node-timeout  5000
    # aof日志开启  有需要就开启,它会每次写操作都记录一条日志
    appendonly  yes
  3. 将该配置文件复制到各主机对应的目录中并修改文件中的下列几项

    # pidfile文件对应目录
    pidfile  /var/run/redis_7000.pid
    # 指定端口
    port 7000
    # 绑定地址
    bind 0.0.0.0
    # 集群的配置  配置文件首次启动会自动生成
    cluster-config-file  nodes_7000.conf
  4. 依次启动redis实例

    # IP_1
    $ redis-server /etc/redis-cluster/7000/redis.conf
    $ redis-server /etc/redis-cluster/7001/redis.conf
    $ ps -ef | grep redis-server
    root       5494      1  0 06:31 ?        00:00:00 redis-server IP_1:7000 [cluster]
    root       5498      1  0 06:31 ?        00:00:00 redis-server IP_1:7001 [cluster]
    # IP_2
    $ redis-server /etc/redis-cluster/7002/redis.conf
    $ redis-server /etc/redis-cluster/7003/redis.conf
    $ ps -ef | grep redis-server
    root      13356      1  0 06:33 ?        00:00:00 redis-server IP_2:7002 [cluster]
    root      13360      1  0 06:33 ?        00:00:00 redis-server IP_2:7003 [cluster]
    # IP_3
    $redis-server /etc/redis-cluster/7004/redis.conf
    $ redis-server /etc/redis-cluster/7005/redis.conf
    $ ps -ef | grep redis-server
    root       1854      1  0 06:34 ?        00:00:00 redis-server IP_3:7004 [cluster]
    root       1858      1  0 06:34 ?        00:00:00 redis-server IP_3:7005 [cluster]

    也可以采用如下启动脚本 $ vim /etc/init.d/redis-7000

    #!/bin/sh
    #
    # Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
    # as it does use of the /proc filesystem.
    # chkconfig:   2345 90 10
    # description:  Redis is a persistent key-value database
    
    export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin/
    
    REDISPORT=7000
    PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_$REDISPORT.pid
    CONF="/etc/redis-cluster/$REDISPORT/redis.conf"
    
    case "$1" in
       status)
       if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
       then
           echo "Redis stopped..."
       else
           ps -ef | grep redis-server | grep $REDISPORT
       fi
       ;;
       start)
           if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
           then
                   echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
           else
                   echo "Starting Redis server..."
                   redis-server $CONF
           fi
           ;;
       stop)
           if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
           then
                   echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
           else
                   PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
                   echo "Stopping ..."
                   ps -ef | grep redis-server | grep $REDISPORT | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill
                   while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
                   do
                       echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
                       sleep 1
                   done
                   echo "Redis stopped"
           fi
           ;;
       restart|force-reload)
           ${0} stop
           ${0} start
           ;;
       *)
           echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"
           ;;
    esac
    $ chkconfig --add redis-7000
    $ chkconfig redis-7000 on

    注: 将服务脚本复制五份放到各自/etc/init.d/下并修改REDISPORT对应的值

  5. 启动rediscluster集群

  • 使用ruby自带的redis-trib.rb命令在IP_1上构建

--replicas 则指定了为Redis Cluster中的每个Master节点配备几个Slave节点

$ redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 IP_1:7000 IP_1:7001 IP_2:7002 IP_2:7003 IP_3:7004 IP_3:7005

Creating cluster Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Using 3 masters: 192.168.10.113:7004 192.168.10.112:7002 192.168.10.111:7000 Adding replica 192.168.10.112:7003 to 192.168.10.113:7004 Adding replica 192.168.10.113:7005 to 192.168.10.112:7002 Adding replica 192.168.10.111:7001 to 192.168.10.111:7000 M: 985750026ac9434fab986b54a2a258089d171617 192.168.10.111:7000 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master S: bd77f34d038d05e9a586dacd447bc10d7472ccb1 192.168.10.111:7001 replicates 985750026ac9434fab986b54a2a258089d171617 M: 598a585000c07354483019cd3561fb1c6ddcb755 192.168.10.112:7002 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master S: c0ab83ae1a8ef4b9c450ae6538ee568fa2a1d1a9 192.168.10.112:7003 replicates 3b18cf1ca717226e73664a0025cd572b798655bc M: 3b18cf1ca717226e73664a0025cd572b798655bc 192.168.10.113:7004 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master S: f140afda21eba172b8a07229c78f090d9b062e8e 192.168.10.113:7005 replicates 598a585000c07354483019cd3561fb1c6ddcb755 Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes #在此处输入“yes” Nodes configuration updated Assign a different config epoch to each node Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster Waiting for the cluster to join.. Performing Cluster Check (using node 192.168.10.111:7000) M: 985750026ac9434fab986b54a2a258089d171617 192.168.10.111:7000 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master M: bd77f34d038d05e9a586dacd447bc10d7472ccb1 192.168.10.111:7001 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 985750026ac9434fab986b54a2a258089d171617 M: 598a585000c07354483019cd3561fb1c6ddcb755 192.168.10.112:7002 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: c0ab83ae1a8ef4b9c450ae6538ee568fa2a1d1a9 192.168.10.112:7003 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 3b18cf1ca717226e73664a0025cd572b798655bc M: 3b18cf1ca717226e73664a0025cd572b798655bc 192.168.10.113:7004 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: f140afda21eba172b8a07229c78f090d9b062e8e 192.168.10.113:7005 slots: (0 slots) master replicates 598a585000c07354483019cd3561fb1c6ddcb755 [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. Check for open slots... Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered.


> 启动后系统会自动分配主从

### rediscluster命令使用

redis-server #实例启动脚本,一般结合redis.conf文件使用 redis-cli #redis客户端程序 redis-trib.rb #集群控制脚本,用于构建或查询集群信息 redis-cli -h 主机名 -p端口

查看群集状态命令(下列命令在redis-cli终端执行)

cluster info #打印集群信息 cluster nodes #列出集群当前节点信息

创建集群

$ redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:xxx …

查看集群状态信息

$ redis-trib.rb check IP地址:端口


### redis cluster单节点故障解决方案

1. 用redis-trib.rb check命令找到具体哪台节点挂掉;

$ redis-trib.rb check IP地址:端口


2. 登入到该节点主机查看对应节点进程是否还存在,如果存在则kill

$ ps -ef | grep redis


3. 进入配置文件存放目录,重启redis节点

$ cd /data/redis-cluster/ $ redis-server $端口目录/redis.conf $ ps -ef | grep redis #查看进程是否起来 root 1667 1 0 08:24 ? 00:00:38 redis-server 172.50.18.116:6379 [cluster] root 1671 1 0 08:24 ? 00:00:38 redis-server 172.50.18.116:6380 [cluster]


4. 查看是否自动加入集群:

$ redis-trib.rb check $IP:端口




> 注:如果自动加入失败请上网查看redis-trib.rb加入集群命令


### 集群重启解决方案

1. 登入各个主机进入集群配置目录删除集群相关文件(一下命令需在三台机器都执行)

$ cd /data/redis-cluster

删除集群配置文件,保留6379/6380配置文件及数据文件;

$ rm -rf appendonly.aof nodes_*


2. 杀死残留redis相关进程

$ killall -9 redis-server #杀死所以redis-server进程 $ ps -ef | grep redis #查看是否存留redis进程


3. 使用redis-trib命令重启集群(下列命令只需在一台机器执行即可)


```java
$ redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 172.50.18.116:6379 172.50.18.116:6380 172.50.18.5:6379 172.50.18.5:6380 172.50.17.79:6389 172.50.17.79:6380

查看输出信息,确认所以节点都自动分配成功

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